Carthamus tinctorius Suppresses LPS-Induced Anti-Inflammatory Responses by Inhibiting the MAPKs/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in HaCaT Cells

This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory activity of C. tinctorius leaves by measuring inflammatory parameters such as nitric oxide (NO) production and mRNA expression iNOS, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HaCaT cells. Further, effect ethanol extract on MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathway was examined The phytochemical profile determined using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. results indicated that effectively attenuated LPS-induced secretion NO, IL-6, LPS-stimulated protein expressions iNOS were decreased pre-treatment with at transcriptional level Moreover, suppressed NF-κB suppression mediated signaling, inhibiting phosphorylation p38 p65 However, there is no significant JNK extract. QTOF-MS/MS analysis revealed identification 27 components leaves. data demonstrate protects cells suppressing p38, p65, p-JNK via inactivation pathway. These may serve a potential candidate prevent inflammation-related diseases.